The most runs by one team in a postseason game was on October 10th, 1999, when the Red Sox defeated the Indians 23 to 7.
The Red Sox were also on the losing side of the postseason game with the second most runs by one team, losing to the Yankees 19 to 8 in Game 3 of the 2004 ALCS. They famously won the series regardless, along with the World Series.